I'm not sure I follow you. ADB was ahead of its time, and a precursor to USB, but nobody's claiming it was an open protocol. What was important from an electrical engineer's POV was that the connector could be replaced using off-the-shelf parts. That was because the connector was standard. If you wanted to develop for Apple, you had to own a company and strike a deal with Apple. Not so easy, but certainly possible.
Now, if you just wanted to hack peripheral hardware at the time, you would have invested in a lot cheaper (expendable) computer with a standard serial / parallel port, so I don't really understand what you are saying.