At the moment, not really. In your scenario, you could have a Python dashboard launch a Redshift dashboard with startup code that runs the initial query, then clean the result, then launch an R dashboard and pass the clean data to it either over the shared filesystem or a messaging system such as 0MQ or Redis, then save the results to S3 for consumption by Redshift.
You're probably looking for something smoother, though. We definitely intend to have a good solution for workflows like you describe in the future.