Typical misleading tactic of saying "ALL the taxes" but meaning only the federal income tax, which only accounts for 42% of federal tax revenues: http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/background/numb.... Indeed, part of the reason refundable tax credits exist is that they were introduced to offset the regressive nature of the payroll tax, which accounts for 40% of federal tax revenue, and is not payed on income above ~$100k.

If you account for all levels of taxation, the U.S. has a pretty flat distributionn for the top 60% that tapers down for the bottom 40%: http://www.ctj.org/pdf/taxday2012.pdf. The top 60% pay between 25-30% of their income in taxes, and the bottom 40% pays between 17-21% of their income in taxes. The regressivity of state and local taxes means that the top 1% is taxed at a lower rate than the next 4%.

In my opinion, all the fighting about who pays the taxes obscures the fact that in the end, the distribution is pretty reasonable, if conservative. The bottom 99% pay about 80% of all taxes, which means that the government isn't overly dependent on the rich. The "middle 59%" (roughly, the lower middle class to the upper middle class), carries 70% of the tax burden. The bottom 40% only make 10% of all the income, and pay about 7% of all the taxes. We could cut their taxes substantially without having a major impact on revenue.