iPhones have (something very similar to) this baked-in as of iOS 7 in the form of AirDrop.
Also, AirDrop doesn't share with Android and Windows Phones.
No, AirDrop does not require wifi or cellular. It uses Bluetooth LTE to scan for nearby phones and then establishes an ad-hoc wifi connection.
You can't use it if you have wifi turned off (or airport mode turned on), but it works whether you're connected to a network or not.
> Also, AirDrop doesn't share with Android and Windows Phones.
And as of November 19 2013, this does not either.
But it is not cross platform, obviously.