Wikipedia: A bomb is any of a range of explosive weapons that only rely on the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy (an explosive device).
I don't think anybody who knows what an "exothermic reaction" is would suggest that dry ice sublimating is a reaction. It's a phase change, sure, but it's not a reaction. The CO2 ended up with the same charge it started with and it didn't bond or unbond with anything. In my book that means no chemical reaction.
What happened was the malicious failure of inadequate pressure vessels.