http://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2013/06/25/it-takes-guts-to-do... also comes to mind as Dirac and quantum mechanics related.
Today it seems that physics has most things pretty well figured out, but there are the loose ends of dark matter and dark energy. We don't know exactly what they are, but they seem to make up almost 95% of the content of the universe! So there might still be a chance for another wholesale revolution or two in physics.
making a fundamental discovery is not necessary to be a 'great mind', I think. As the man himself said, 'what I cannot create, I do not understand'.
Gamow's Thirty Years that Shook Physics: The Story of Quantum Theory http://www.amazon.com/Thirty-Years-that-Shook-Physics/dp/048... is the standard non-specialist account of this, it starts with Plank right after the turn of the century and is essentially complete in 3 decades, about when Feynman was in high school and teaching himself serious math.