Ubuntu OS looks interesting but has no traction right now, I'll be keeping an eye on that though. I'm afraid WebOS is dead at the moment - choice of which platforms to target is more political than technical unfortunately, which is why it'd be great to see Google pushing a more open system which lets people use any language they want for development. They have enough clout to make that happen and not many do. I'm aware it's very unlikely as I said in the post above - There's no chance they'll do this for their current API, so they'd need to have a radical rethink of just what a mobile OS should provide.
Please don't take this as some sort of attack on Google or Android.
What more do you want, sounds like your needs are being met. Take the android kernel and write a new UI. Then you can run it on one of the what, hundred different devices that CM supports?
That is of course a huge amount of work for one person and likely doomed to failure. To be clear that I'm not blaming Google or demanding that they change, just agreeing with the OP that I'd like to see more options, but pointing out that that requires a fundamental rethink of the entanglement between UI and API. I've written a few iOS apps which use HTML views extensively and make little use of the UI toolkits using urls etc to pass actions and move screen, so I'm well aware this is possible using the current system, but it's currently a pain to try to use another language as your core language for an app.