For some example algorithms that are not vulnerable to quantum computers, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography
Also, it would be quite remarkable if the NSA had quantum computers capable of breaking 2048 RSA or PGP keys. Possible, but extremely unlikely.
It doesn't seem improbable that the NSA are already recording encrypted communications because they are cheap to store and and have a reasonable chance of being broken in the future. They don't even need to break the algorithm for that data to become useful.
In particular SSL encrypted web traffic of sites they suspect they might physically raid (or have cooperation with) in future seem like an excellent target. Although hopefully the increasing awareness and deployment of perfect forward secrecy should help with that attack.
Not the other way round.
Unless they are secretly borrowing people hired on at e.g. the DoE, I just don't see it.
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-Q-Tel
[2] http://www.dwavesys.com/en/pressreleases.html#investment_201...
Because of the current developments int the press this challenge is being viewed in the context of the NSA, but other foreign intelligence services also pose a threat to user data.
True, but it's the public key cryptography in use today that I'm concerned with!