At least Aalto University in Finland uses Python as the entry level teaching language nowadays [1]. I don't know anyone from the CS department but I'll do my best to reach out to them about the matter.
I've reached out to a professor from University of Copenhagen who teaches a course on Molecular Dynamics using Python.
Another course from Copenhagen teaching Python is listed here http://sis.ku.dk/kurser/viskursus.aspx?knr=130419
Here is a job offer by a research laboratory: http://fr.lolix.org/search/offre/offre.php?id=15660
The French Python association has a Web page with lots of job offers too: http://www.afpy.org/jobs
Description of the course and its objectives, both in Estonian and English: https://www.is.ut.ee/reports/rwservlet?oa_aine_info.rdf+1010...
Learning material, in Estonian but there is Python code everywhere: http://courses.cs.ut.ee/2011/programmeerimine/uploads/Arvuti...