As much as I love CoffeeScript, it's not a substitution for learning JavaScript. CoffeeScript is basically just JavaScript with a prettier syntax and if you don't understand JavaScript you won't understand CoffeeScript.
But, as much as I like CS and hate (really hate) JS, I have to agree with you wholeheartedly. You must know JavaScript well. Variable/function hoisting won't bite you in CS, but other JS idiocies will.
Read Douglas Crockford's "JavaScript: The Good Parts" at least twice (and take a lot of notes). It's the best no-bullshit book on JavaScript (the language, not "how to use JavaScript in Node/front-end web design") around.