On the consoles it took until PlayStation for C to take off among game devs.
Additionally many Amiga games used Blitz BASIC and AMOS.
Anyone involved in the Demoscene early days would be 100% Assembly as well.
On PC, it required until Watcom with its great MS-DOS extender for devs to finally move away from Assembly in mass.
I was there, Gandalf ;)
(and note how I specifically wrote "dominant high level language", not "dominant language", since assembly coding was indeed very relevant on those machines, for UI apps 100% assembly was quite rare though, and hybrid C/ASM seems to have been more common).
In my part of the Iberian Penisula it was Turbo Pascal on PC and AMOS/Blitz Basic on Amiga.
With lots of inline Assembly anyway.
It depends: for the classic 8 bit home computers, games were mostly written in assembly. Later DOS games were commonly either written in Pascal or C, but quite a bit off Assembler code was often used for the more performance-critical code sections.
I have seen code where folks used Pascal or C compilers as poor man's macro assemblers, the "quite a bit" was rather large.
Games that had quite a bit of code that profited from the higher-level abstractions that C/Pascal provided, such as
- resource management (including dynamic asset loading/unloading)
- enemy AI
- pathfinding
- ...
of course typically contained a lot more C/Pascal code than games that were more on the "multimedia demo" side with a simpler game logic.