If I pay you 100$ for mowing my lawn, and you me for yours. Technically the GDP increased with 200$.
If everyone goes around mowing lawns for each other, the economy is richer in lawn mowing at the expense of all the other things that would have been funded had everyone mowed their own lawns and purchased different services instead.
Person B owns shares in Person A.
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Tolkien fan?
Tolkien is great, yes.
Value was created!