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I’m more than a bit out of my depth discussing the topic, but I’m not sure than imperative-dominant languages will ever really go away or that functional-dominant languages will ever become as popular as C and C++. Ugly as they may be, imperative languages seem to be grokked by humans more readily and are more often than not “good enough” for the most part so it’s difficult to see them losing substantial momentum.

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Until there is a machine that is natively functional, there is always going to an incentive to go lower level for more performance.

Even hardware (GPUs) that functional language could trivially exploit, it’s still higher performance to write low level code and manages all the memory imperatively

I think you’re right about people, but by volume, 99% of all future code will be written by machines. So there’s ample opportunity for other languages to flourish; if humans can’t get past imperative programming, machines can.

In my mind this hinges on whether LLMs become capable of actual comprehension of the code they’re writing. If not, for serious projects (especially those which are mission-critical), it still makes sense to optimize for human understanding when selecting languages so the code can reasonably be verified.

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