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El Niño sends the jet stream southward. Once the jet stream gets far enough south it tears apart any developing storms in the Gulf and Caribbean Sea before they have a chance to become a problem.

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Also having large waves of Saharan dust which is too dry and inhibits hurricane development.

Where does this dust end up? Into the oceans? Because iron-rich dust entering the oceans helps create nutrition for algae which can absorb CO2

Believe it or not at least 40 million tons of it ends up in the Amazon basin each year where it does have an effect on the plants there: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/1/1/014...

It goes elsewhere too, as expected.

N/Nw Europe also has sand rains. Not seen it this year yet though.

In South Florida you can sometimes get Sahara dust on your car after a rain.

It also prevents those storms from dissipating the energy. So once the jet stream moves north again, bigger than otherwise storms will happen.

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