No, not at least for Photoshop. If you have the subscription version and fail to pay it downgrades you to the free version which has more limited editing capacity but still has read capacities.

More broadly I think the only subscription products most software developers are used to where access to data is revoked is cloud infra. Most software stuff follows models like Jetbrains (where e.g. you pay for updates but keep the oldest version). E.g. this is how things like SQL Server or other paid DB technologies work, where you effectively are subscribing to yearly updates, but get to keep the current version if you stop paying the subscription fee.