The judge unfortunately didn't ask Google to solve for F-Droid's use case, but app verification doesn't change it at all except for apps whose builds are reproducible, which F-Droid can serve the developer's signed builds for, and which the developer can register with Google.
Instead, as I pointed out in my original comment, we need to complain about the upcoming "advanced flow" for unknown source app installation. It should not but does require enabling developer mode. It should and does save the user's preferences for unknown source installation across device updates.