I know it's against the HN rules to suggest that some read the fine article, however the answer to your questions and more are in the first paragraph, and in picture format too!
Example, Texas: HB 1181, effective 2023-9-1
United Kingdom: Online Safety Act 2023, effective 2023-10-26
I'm not saying this is all the US' fault (blame lies with big tech who need excuses to mine minors data), but the title blames the UK exporting id verification to the US when the US is very capable of doing it to itself.