All the answers to the worlds questions are in the Qur'an, the Bible and any other manner of ancient texts, if you want to believe that. Pi = 3 right? And what's a cubit?
The problem is that without a procedure to arrive at the 2202 there is little value in this. This is the number that needs an explanation, without a description of an experiment it could be the truth, it could be a lucky guess, or maybe someone thought that if they tweaked the meaning of the various elements in the explanation by a bit here and there they could make it fit the required answer.
There is enough leeway in there that I really don't think this should go with the header you've given it.
What is an interesting question is how the 2202 was arrived at, how much leeway there was for each of the ancient units given and what that implies for the error bars of the answer. That might yield some valuable insight.
But I have to admit it's still stunning that the people had an idea that light travels that "slow" as opposed to infinitely fast.
EDIT: also it seems the calculation for time is wrong, wiki says "30 Kālas are one Muhūrta" and not 30.3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhurta
EDIT 2: Perhaps they learned that light has finite speed from the Arabs who knew already in 11th century thanks to the "first scientist" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alhazen
Yes, but how did he measure it?