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I am OOTL - How does the EU force competition in this context?

The EU passed laws to force Apple to allow other browser engines to run. Previously, all iOS browsers were reskinned WebKit by Apple decree.

And is there any other browser engine actually running on iOS anywhere?

There are several under development. Microsoft recently claimed their Blink-based prototype is almost 30% faster than iOS Safari.

Getting downvoted but no answer. So Hackernews