> As much as I like articles that tries to use economics or finance to explain stuff, the "options" analogy is a bit hamfisted

Idk, my takeaway is ambulances look like a solid market for a subscription model. Ideally, one that taxpayers pay for. But also, potentially, as a private one that you can pay e.g. $50/month to know you won't be billed $12,000 by idiots.