I would advice reading the "efficient rails" book, which explains a lot about how to debug RoR apps.
My experience is exactly the same as Milch's. I've tried to fix stuff in Gitlab but given up when I couldn't even find where it things are defined.
That can happen in other languages, e.g. Rust or C where macros are used. But it's pretty much the exception there whereas in Rails it seems to be done by default.