I would like to have set the foundation of programming fundamentals via C/C++ one month from now. Any help is very appreciated!
http://www.amazon.com/Standard-C-Bible-Al-Stevens/dp/0764546...
Since C++ has been around a while you might best be served by going to the library and taking home a few books, trying to figure out the best one to start with. Once you get more comfortable you may want to buy the book above. I would have to look around to find a decent online C++ resource.
However what are you learning C++ for? A job? A personal project? A contributor to open source software? I probably should have specified that. For a serious C++ job it'll take more than 4 months full time to be competent enough to talk your way through an interview.