This doesn't even address the constitutional right. You can't ban the printing press and claim it doesn't affect the freedom of speech.
19th century revolvers tended to require separate blasting caps, but you still had to buy them even if you could make the bullets.
The correct action at this point in a society that wanted to keep guns legal but better regulated would be regulation of barrels. They are the only item left that are truly difficult to make in quantity and hide easily.
See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47771707 for the rest.
Responsible gun owners and hunter who practice regularly would be harmed the most because they use tons of ammo. Criminals won't because they might only shoot a few bullets in their life and usually from close range.