In Italy, you can walk into a shop and buy as many contacts as you like.
In the US, if you haven't paid your annual tithing to get a hall pass from an optometrist, the FDA won't let you.
In the US, if you haven't paid your annual tithing to get a hall pass from an optometrist, the FDA won't let you.
In the US I'm paying $200 just for the exam.
As for needing a prescription <1 year old, if your vision hasn't changed, just edit the date in the PDF. Same for contact lens prescriptions.
As part of the regular eye exam, they generally use an autorefractor machine on your current glasses and/or eyes to get a baseline before they manually fine tune with the 1/2 on the eye chart test. But yeah, you can't just get the quick prescription from the autorefractor like you talked about in Japan.