The article says that scores have been sinking since 2013, many years before the pandemic.
2022 8th grader cohort missed much of 6th and 7th grade. 2024 cohort missed 4th and 5th grade. These results are extremely in line with that effect, despite what people want to say about social media, teacher pay, etc.
Lockdowns did not last more than a few months for the vast majority of school districts in the US.