Django is slowly catching up with Rails by adding support for a unified task interface in Django 6.0, but less feature rich than Rails' ActiveJob.
There are already a few implementations, and the reference one (django-tasks), even has a database-backed task backend that also uses FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED to control concurrency. With django-tasks and a few extra packages you can already get quite far compared to what Solid Queue provides, except maybe for features like concurrency controls and using a separate database for the queues.
I really enjoyed learning about the internals of Solid Queue, to the point that I decided to port it to Django [1]. It provides all of Solid Queue's features, except for retries on errors which is something that IMHO should be provided by the Django task interface, like Active Job does.