RAG, llm pipeline industry just continues in the same fashion of throwing even more glue, insanely slow, expensive, but works due to somehow companies having money to waste, perpetually. Not that much different from the whole Apache stack or similar gluey expensive and slow software.

There is similar mindless glue in all tech stacks. LLMs are trained on it, and successfully do more of it.

Even AI companies just wastefully do massive experiments with suboptimal data and compute bandwidth.