It takes literally a click to deactivate it though. One could argue about Bing Search being the default, but I didn’t run the user surveys to see, which is best for the average user.
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Type something in the Start menu
Top right meatballs menu button
'Search settings'
'Let search apps show results' -> Off (or disable only Bing)
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I don't know about the Home edition.
You can also launch that Settings page by running in powershell:
Start-Process "ms-settings:cortana-windowssearch"
Or just 'Settings' and in the left navigation 'Privacy & Security' -> 'Search'