Arguably, base-10 counting vs base-12 counting is one such example
IMHO, in a modern setting base-16 would be the most convenient. Then I maybe wouldn't struggle to remember that the CIDR range C0.A8.0.0/18 (192.168.0.0/24) consists of 10 (16) blocks of size 10 (16).
A number theorist would probably want a prime base, so that N (mod 10) would be a field.
A power-of-two base wouldn’t be particularly convenient to anyone except a small minority consisting mostly of hardware and software engineers.
That would mean 1/5=0.(3)₁₆ would be an infinite fraction as well. A more convenient would be 6 or 12 because it allows to represent 1/3 exactly.