For my personal projects I have a list of difficult bugs I keep that LLMs can't solve. Right now that list is empty. Anyone using LLMs for coding, using the best tools and practices, can see what a massive capability leap has occurred in the past 9 months.
If the US is going to end up "losing", it is going to be first through power generation -- China's coal plants produce more power than the US as a whole. Robotics is a whole other topic and shouldn't be bundled with LLMs.