There are inherent incentives for the behavior I described (and I described those incentives) with the private industry, but those are absent from public institutions. An absence of an incentive does not equal an opposite or corresponding countering incentive.
It could of course pan out like you describe, but the only guarantee for it is if humans are inherently lazy, and while I agree some are I don't believe this to be a general fact. Just look at teachers or nurses for example. They're certainly not doing it for the pay, and a lot of them are absolutely going above and beyond.
Is your claim that not funneling profits to private holding companies and instead hiring extra nurses with that money would not lead to better care? Or what is the comparative claim?
Yes, I was alive in the 80s, and I'm not sure what you're referring to.