They could still exist, and have the added benefit of anyone regardless of their presenting gender being able to use them.
https://parishistoryofourstreets.com/2021/03/22/the-last-pub...
I've personally been extremely grateful for it on multiple occasions, coming back from a night out.
I'm pretty sure the idea was drunk men were going to urinate in public on the street no matter what the authorities did so they might as well be directed to a urinal.
If you're standing up, it's also a lot easier to "hit the target" into a urinal vs. a toilet. Having a bunch of people peeing standing up into normal toilets would be a lot more gross than urinals.
Urine is not sterile[1] - BUT by itself is not a huge concern.
But you know what urine is? Full of vitamins and minerals. An ideal medium for bacteria.
Urine + Time = Ew.
So.. sit the fuck down?
Looking online I can't find anything about how they are any less sanitary than just a public bathroom is to begin with.