You can absolutely do this using something like a CertusProNX from Lattice (I much prefer it to the Polarfire), mounting an SFP/SFP+ cage onto the FMC connector of the board, and wire their transceiver lanes to the FPGA SERDES pins. HiTech Global has a 4-port SFP/SFP+ FMC module. I believe there are also QSFP mezzanine cards but I haven't looked much into that. ISI or Trenz probably make something.