It does have a GIL. You’re not wrong, but by that same logic, there’s pitfalls when using multi-threading as well, even in languages where it’s native (e.g., Elixir).

Regardless, in my experience, when you run into scenarios that need queueing, multi-threading, etc., you need to know what you’re doing.

That depends on the Ruby implementation.

MRI (CRuby) has a GVL which is why you might use a forking web server like Puma or Pitchfork.

JRuby and TruffleRuby though have true multi-threading and no GVL.

I’ve used the Concurrent Ruby library with JRuby and Tomcat quite a bit and find works very well for what I need.