But we have made very little progress in staving off degenerative-type diseases. Even the primary degenerative disease you mention, knee failure, we cure largely with a wholesale replacement. That obviously isn't applicable to organs we can't just swap out.
I will say lecanumab is being promoted like crazy...on the plus side, a side benefit is it's easier to get PET scans covered by Medicare, likely bc of a bureaucratic push from the pharma. We do offer it to those interested because there's little else aside from long term palliative care, but we're very upfront re the ARIA risks and the logistical challenges (requires a lot of visits to infusion sites, MRI monitoring etc)
Further scientific attempts in the US to look at this is probably kneecapped though; Chinese science will probably take the lead in the next decade
The 5 year survival rate for localized (early stage) breast cancer is 99%
Did we remove it as a cause of death? No. But the prognosis is much less dire by now than it was even a few decades ago.
Very few causes are ever completely "conquered", they just move down in relative relevance.
I fully acknowledge that we've made large strides in understanding and treating breast cancer, but in most cases, once it spreads it's still "game over", and so it is still an immensely fearful experience for people to go through. Contrast that with, for example, HIV. 35 years ago it was probably the scariest disease there was, considered a guaranteed death sentence. Now it is largely preventable with PrEP, and treatments are so good that it is a manageable condition with lifespans on par with HIV-negative people for most of those who diligently follow their treatments.
The sum of all causes of death will very likely continue to be 100%...
If not, we'll have a whole lot of new problems.
What's your definition of "conquered"? In the US breast cancer is the most common type of cancer, and together with lung cancers account for ~500k cases each year. 100k of those people will die within 5 years.
Now we created new issues to replace the old. Microplastic, PFAS, antibiotic resistance, obesity, etc.
And my knees want to have a word with your assessment :).
I'm not 100% on the reasons. Seems like he simply has a lot of hubris.
[1] https://dilbertblog.typepad.com/the_dilbert_blog/2007/03/fos...
That's another misrepresentation. In that link he says "To be fair, there’s still plenty of evidence for evolution."
It sounds like he's a skeptic who demands proof of the things we're not supposed to question. That's a good thing.
But some people don't like it and misrepresent his words to try to discredit him.
Edit: I agree that Adams is not a scientist and doesn't understand how science works. That article gets an F in my book. Nonetheless, suggesting that asking questions is the same as claiming something "isn't real" is, itself, an anti-scientific view.
I don't know about fossils, but a lot of current scientific thinking probably is still wrong. We recently had a big scientific revolution when genetic sequencing revealed that much of the thinking at that time was wrong.
Also, it's absurd to interpret his comedic exaggerations literally.
...
> But personally, I’m cautious about any theory that keeps the same conclusion regardless of how many times the evidence for it changes. There was a time when the seemingly straight line of fossil evidence was the primary foundation for the theory. Now it seems that that straight line was like Little Billy from Family Circus finding his way home from the playground
This where he's simply wrong and misunderstands what paleontologists and biology experts have always said.
No serious expert in the field has dug up an australopithecus specimen and said "See, here is my great grandmother!". It's absurd to think that. Adams has likely seen the march of progress and thought "Oh, this is what the experts think happened". But that's simply not true and never has been.
Evolution simply posits gradual change over generations. A result of that is a messy family tree with a lot of dead "branches".
But further, the concept of "species" has always been a messy one. A prime example of this is the fact that Neanderthals breed with the Denisovans and some of their offspring have survived to today. 2 different species closely related enough that they could have viable offspring. That makes for a messy tree.
This is an obvious fact to any biologist and isn't the least bit outside of what the theory of evolution predicts. Again, the only real prediction of evolution is that speciation happens gradually as a result of changes in generations. It doesn't predict "straight lines" like Adams asserts, it never has. Nor does it exclude the possibility for the same features to evolve multiple times. It never has.
So, when he goes out of his way to write an article "fossils are bullshit" what exactly do you think he's trying to communicate? He doesn't outright deny evolution is a thing, but he does explicitly voice doubts about evolution being a solid theory.
Now, that doesn't mean that we aren't constantly learning new things from new fossils. That's the nature of science. Adams being concerned that new data updates a theory is a severe misunderstanding of exactly how scientific research works.
Thats very far from reality, I presume you don't know many old people or speak to them about their ailments?
So we're making progress. But we don't see it, because that becomes the new normal, and we see all these remaining things that cause problems for old people.
But that's not because we got better at treating hookworm or black lung. The big ideas there are "wear shoes" and "don't work as a miner". You don't have to treat a problem you never have.
(Wikipedia: "There is no cure or discovered treatments for pneumoconiosis.")
TB is weird. We do indeed know how to actively manage it (e.g. screen people regularly and treat detected cases), but countries like the US don’t do that. Nonetheless TB does not cause much disease in the US.
Every time I’ve tried to figure out why this is, I’ve come to the tentative conclusion that no one really knows. Maybe it’s the general lack of malnutrition?
But that's just creatively selecting the data that supports the point. You can do that with everything else. We solved a lot of things "in the lab" or "in mice".
Did you know that we conquered Alzheimer's? It's safe to say I mean in countries like Guinea-Bissau, Somalia or Chad with under 100 cases per 100k people.
That stands in stark contrast to lung cancer, which has a median survival time of ~15 months. Pancreatic cancer usually kills you in less than a year. Colon cancer is better, but still only ~6 years. Leukemia and Lymphoma can occur in middle age or even in early childhood, and rob an entire lifetime.
We also need to think about quality of life, which tends to go way down after you're diagnosed with one of these diseases
Prevention and delay is significantly better than management or even curing
That said prostate cancer is most of the time not a big deal. Getting prostate cancer will still probably the most dangerous thing that ever happens to you (how many single events have a 5%+ mortality rate? besides birth) and should be treated incredibly seriously, but the odds are still good you'll be fine.
Not all of the solutions can be called "cures" but a solution nonetheless is better than nothing and calling it "old age, shit out of luck."
PrEP just happens to actually work here, but I guess condoms could too. But historically that's not gonna happen.
It's probably not worth the effort, though. But we can, and do, eradicate diseases via preventative mechanisms. Which is astounding.
> Are those really developed countries? A decent free public school education is a requirement for a nation to be considered developed.
Here's some data:
In 2025 1, 2,755 measles cases (2,429 confirmed, 326 probable)
and 0 rubella cases have been reported in Canada. [0]
Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly,
funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local
governments. [1]
Medicare is a term that refers to Canada's
publicly funded health care system.
Instead of having a single national plan, we have 13
provincial and territorial health care insurance plans.
Under this system, all Canadian residents have
reasonable access to medically necessary hospital and
physician services without paying out-of-pocket. [2]
Sources:[0] https://health-infobase.canada.ca/measles-rubella/
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Canada
[2] https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/canada-healt...
You are welcome.