Every bathroom in Thailand and Argentina is built with a drain in the floor. It's forward thinking construction. Otherwise, without the drain, either the bum gun or the bidet can and will easily damage the floor and anything below it.
My bathroom in the USA does not have a floor drain. I have a bidet. The tile floor is 60 years old, no damage.
These are called wet rooms, and usually they just have a shower that hits directly on the floor (at least in lower end ones outside of luxury hotels).
It seems wild to me you'd have a bathroom without a general floor drain? Like it's a room where we put water taps...a floor drain just makes sense (and you already need to put plumbing in for floor drains to have like, a shower work).
Most bathrooms in the US do not have a floor drain. In fact many are not even tile and might be wood or (heaven forbid) carpet.
How can a wet room floor like toilet or barhroom be damaged? They have to be specific type of concrete + tiles on top, don't they? At least that's what I'm used to.