This statement encompasses the whole business, for which the profit margin is the relevant metric, not gross margin. And it is clear that the standard retail business is not one in which you can earn a lot of money. Just because a specific item sells to a customer for more than what it costs to buy just that specific item from the supplier, does not mean the business's margins are high. There are myriad costs that have to be accounted for, such as spoilage, theft, inventory, transportation, labor, returns, etc.

Some things sell for higher margin, some things sell for lower margins, but at the end of the day, the stores clearly operate at very low margins. Hence why so many go out of business all the time, and all the brick and mortar we have left are the biggest ones with the largest volumes.

I set a lot of prices during the pandemic. Any average business found that they were granted some degree of monopoly power and could generate higher net margins with less competitive prices. Many of us found the simplest solution was to just pass on all costs to the consumer because they had no choice but to take our price or not get their good.

Times are different and there is competition but many businesses have still forgotten how to increase gross margin by having a sale.

Not to get into politics but tariffs are the same way. The elasticity of demand for a good determines the monopoly power of the supplier/retailer and how much of the tariff gets passed on to the consumer. Highly interchangeable products will not see the full tariff passed on to the consumer because that would mean forgoing all sales. The importer will determine how much gross margin they can give up without loosing money…but the producer in the foreign country also does the same math. Do they completely give up the American market to save inventory for other markets or do they eat some top line profit and still make some sales.

Many goods will indeed be pulled from the market, but if the producer fails to find replacement customers in other markets they will look back at 300M Americans and reconsider whether they can give their importer a better price while still making something. If the good expires, like say a case of white wine, or becomes obsolete in the case of say a lightning charging cable there is additional pressure to make the decision before the surplus simply becomes unseeable.

If a good has no viable alternatives and is relatively shelf stable expect all tariffs to be passed along because the products price is already disconnected from its cost and the business producing it is closer to a monopoly than not.

I am not saying everyone will play ball, but managers whose pay is a function of sales likely will. Have you ever negotiated buying a car before? Indicating you will let corporate know they lost a sale by not budging on price will almost always win the negotiation with managers who think they can just be lazy without consequence.

In the standard retail environment, I have definitely had businesses price match products with the same specs but very slight SKU differences, you just have to be open about a willingness to forego the instant gratification because that is the only service in person retail provides today. That might mean actually completing the sale online and then asking again. They know when there is actually a material difference to the products.

Businesses that are legit monopolies will not budge.

Which some people were known to do, and then return their old unit in the new box for a refund.

So model numbers are sometimes changed far more freqently than device characteristics or features are changed.