I mainly know about what's going on in the Australian industry, but 2/3 of our beef is exported, and that is only likely to increase.

There are projects to develop and market seaweed-based feed to reduce burping:

https://www.csiro.au/en/research/animals/livestock/futurefee...

Grass-fed cattle in Northern Australian mostly eat native grasses as they are more hardy given the environment: Queensland Bluegrass and Mitchell Grass for example.

Yes, feedlots do allow for raising cattle faster and more consistently, but are problematic for runoff.

https://futurebeef.com.au/resources/beef-cattle-feedlot/

https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/agriculture/sustainable-f...