Yes, spherical representations of polygon data exist, but the data you import has already been "split" and undoing that is often impossible, or at best non-trivial. And then rasters are fundamentally impossible to represent that way.
Analysis uses projections for that reason. Spherical approaches aren't fundamentally "better" for most use cases. They're only strictly better if everything you're working with is a point.
There's more to geospatial than point datasets.