Eve was desperate for grocery money, made a couple bucks this way, and is now permanently locked out of society for it. Now what?

In the context of this post, it's bigger than that. Eve would be a government employee who can likely make new "human" profiles for Mal instead of using her own. Any centralized "human" identification system so we can vouch for a single entity-identity would probably be either run by the government or indirectly controlled by it (someone has to be able to input birth/death records at least, and countries like China aren't going to let e.g. Worldcoin operate within their borders unless they can control accounts).

Spam bots would use stolen/purchased credentials and get shut down. State-level bots would be free.

I think an individual could have multiple digital identities, with varying levels of trust in the veracity of that identity. They would have the ability to create/update/delete (revoke) those identities.