I later discovered the writings of Eckhart Tolle. According to him, we are diseased in the sense that we identify with our mind/ego, instead of realizing what it actually is: a tool. Part of the problem is we often don't know what exists underneath. We are 100% convinced we are our mind. But obviously we're not - if we were, we wouldn't be able to observe it. Once we realize we're not our mind, we're free of its control. Until we do, we're in a way, severely ill. We're actually not disfunctional in our true nature - but we're unenlightened.
At least that's what Eckhart Tolle says. I personally find it disarmingly logical - and reasonably easily provable within my perception, not to mention deeply liberating/changing. Finding out you can stop your thoughts and not only still be aware, but become the most aware you can be, that's quite a doozy of a realization.
I've actually read a short SciFi novel with that very premise, but I can't for the life of me remember the name of it. Something about the other sentient lifeforms in the galaxy not requiring sleep and being able to breathe cyanide, but humans were unique in that we needed to sleep, and that was because we were all infected by some sort of mind parasite that now saw its chance to expand to other lifeforms.
Okay, what does this mean?
To determine what you are or aren't, consider this for an exercise: You are a view point, yes? What you can observe is not part of your identity because you can observe it, and therefore it must be external to "you". This is obvious when it comes to things like your body parts; you could cut off your hand, but that wouldn't cut off a part of your "you-ness".
The interesting bit comes when you start to examine your mind itself. Normally, we think of our thoughts as part of our identity. But with a little practice, you can watch thoughts arise, at which point they seem more "separate" and less "you". I always liken them to those biplanes at the beach with a banner fluttering behind them.
So, if you can observe thoughts and not identify with them, then they're not "you". What makes up "you", then? The more you observe, the fewer candidates for "you" there are, no? ;)
Then you probably don't want to read Thomas Ligotti's "The conspiracy against the human race". It's a philosophical and neuroscientific treatise on existentialism written by a lovecraftian horror writer...
http://www.amazon.com/The-Conspiracy-Against-Human-Race/dp/0...
The interesting question is: "am I the jewel?"
He had this exo-body that he was able to hop in freely. The body was just a dumb machine that needed him to control. It was merely a tool, jet it had a head, harms, legs and can shoot missiles.
Well, we can't do that just yet. But in away, our bodies are just tools to that brain/consciousness uses to do things. If we loose a limb, we just build another one. Sure, we haven't mastered replaced limb awareness (touch, feel), but we're getting close. Like a machine, we need fuel (food), maintenance (doctors appointment, exercise), periods of rest and recovery (sleep).
I'm trying to figure out how sex, anger, and jealousy comes in, but we are essentially tools. And I guess the brain is really a complex OS that runs our bodies. Some brains/OS are, of course, have a better way of processing tasks/programming/apps than others.