Edit:
Okay so i realise typing from my phone doesn't help me get the message through i want.
So laravel apps usually works by having jobs run in a cli process that's its own thing. It's still part of the same codebase as everything else, but when you run it, that's it. You just run a queue worker.
Then you can run your application in web server mode, that's when your controllers and all the other shebang is served. Rest controllers, mvc and the other stuff.
So in a typical configuration you run your application in 2 different services. One for queues and one for web. For queues there's a simple queue worker built in but there's also a more advanced called Laravel Horizon which can scale your queue worker processes on a machine. You can deploy as many of these as you want horizontally.
Then you also control however many web servers you want to deploy.
All of this sounds very easy, but it can be quite the headache to setup and maintain. So i think Laravel cloud is a good choice for small to medium teams who just wants to ship features and not want to bother with infrastructure, until the infrastructure starts to become constly.