My father once told me that as long as you have your passport, wallet and the name and address of where you're going everything else will work out fine. That advice has treated me well.
A basic device that’ll give you access to the internet, mail and maps is basically a commodity the same way a toothbrush is.
My point is that you should try not to be absolutely screwed if you're cut off from the Internet. I carry physical maps, itinerary, guidebook, etc. You can actually travel without Internet access. Of course, you can't mitigate any eventuality but I'd certainly argue that you should generally be able to move forward without Internet, email, or GPS.
Interestingly the phone was still working, it just can't show anything. Double-clicking the power button still opened the camera app, and I could take pictures by pressing the volume down button. And alarms would still go off, but holding the power button opened Google Assistant and it understood the command "Delete all alarms", no unlocking required.
I asked HN about this recently because I couldn't believe everyone, especially people who aren't interested in designing backups, i.e. the type to come to HN, were all thinking this through enough to have good solutions.
HN consensus seemed to be for hardware keys like Yubikey, and paper backup codes.
Or have a 2nd email without 2fa and use it to contact a friend to help you get your keepassxc archive.
But, if you use a password manager for Google, not sure if that does you any good. Honestly, regaining access to your various accounts if you need to get a new phone--perhaps especially internationally--may be pretty hard. I do sometimes travel with an older spare phone but it's getting out of support.
You can just print out your secret key and stuff it in your suitcase / backpack. Its useless for a thief unless they know your password too.
You could set an emergency / recovery contact too, but I don't know how the recovery flow would go.
Also, an eSIM will vastly complicate your bootstrapping.
Not sure how much confidence I would put in getting back up and running in an international trip with 2FA vs. having paper copies of important info.