I really don't care what you "admit". Now you're saying that it doesn't matter whether Prolog has predicates as first-class values, and yet you keep arguing that it does have them. I don't think you're here anymore to establish what statements about Prolog are true or false. You're here for a fight; I'm not here for a fight. Go fight yourself.

Not for you, but purely for the benefit of unfortunate souls who wander by and are confused what there is to argue about:

    call_direct_and_indirect(IndirectCallTarget, Input, Result) :-
        call_direct(Input, Intermediate),                  % first-class call
        call(IndirectCallTarget, Intermediate, Result).    % second-class call

This predicate calls some other predicate `call_direct/2` in a first-class way. It's a call.

It also calls some predicate identified by whatever the variable IndirectCallTarget may be bound to. This is a second-class call. It's frequently referred to as a "meta-call" to signal that it's not a first-class call. It's important to note that the value passed in for the IndirectCallTarget parameter is not a predicate. It cannot be, since there are no predicate values in Prolog. It's the name of a predicate. (Plus maybe a partial argument list; still not a predicate.) Since the thing being meta-called is not a predicate, it must be meta-called specially using the `call/N` builtin. The user has no realistic way of implementing the `call/N` builtin themselves.