This is a humble and informed acrticle (comparing to others written by financial analysts the past a few days). But still have the flaw of over-estimating efficiency of deploying a 687B MoE model on commodity hardware (to use locally, cloud providers will do efficient batching and it is different): you cannot do that on any single Apple hardware (need to at least hook up 2 M2 Ultra). You can barely deploy that on desktop computers just because non-register DDR5 can have 64GiB per stick (so you are safe with 512 RAM). Now coming to PCIe bandwidth: 37B per token activation means exactly that, each activation requires new set of 37B weights, so you need to transfer 18GiB per token into VRAM (assuming 4-bit quant). PCIe 5 (5090) have 64GB/s transfer speed so your upper bound is limited to 4 tok/s with a well balanced propose built PC (and custom software). For programming tasks that usually requires ~3000 tokens for thinking, we are looking at 12 mins per interaction.