It's the part of memory safety that's just about bounds. You can also call it "bounds safety" and folks will understand what you mean, but "spacial safety" is the more commonly used jargon.
Note that there are some more heated takes on where these terms are being used. I tried to be as generous as possible in my description.
> Attackers regularly exploit spatial memory safety vulnerabilities, which occur when code accesses a memory allocation outside of its intended bounds
Isn't that... 'out of bounds memory access'?
Spatial memory safety is a reasonably common term in the security / PL field. You can see examples of it being used at least as far back as 2009: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C33&q=spa...
It's in contrast to temporal memory safety, which deals with object lifetimes (use after free, for example).
Here Google is probably also referencing a 2022 post of theirs with a very similar title, dealing with temporal safety: https://security.googleblog.com/2022/05/retrofitting-tempora...
The terms are also in Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_safety#Classification_o...