That list is roughly in order of how capable and useful the pattern matching is in each of those languages. Erlang was originally written in Prolog.
Also, I definitely agree it's a feature I miss everywhere when not using Erlang/Elixir.
I do wish they went the opposite direction and made the feature better instead of keeping it as a weird assignment thing in the body. The match statement is a similarly unfortunate solution, in my opinion.
Oh well. :)
I checked the release notes, and the reason they removed it: no one was using it. I guess it's unsurprising, but sad.
There's a decent discussion from a few years ago on hn, as well: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24662262