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Or none of the above? http://www.beyond3d.com/content/articles/8/

According to this article, neither of them: http://www.beyond3d.com/content/articles/8/

That article also links to a paper (http://www.lomont.org/Math/Papers/2003/InvSqrt.pdf) analyzing the initial approximation constant.

The Black Book is available as PDFs from http://www.gamedev.net/reference/articles/article1698.asp

Byte.com hosted a copy for a long time, but that seems to have issues atm.

I had a 486 when Quake came out. The framerate was far too low to make it playable. I remember trying to play the demo, and I had to cut the screen down to the size of a postcard (something like 160x100) to get a framerate of 25fps.

The first Pentiums, on the other hand, were more than up to the job.

The 486!? Wow

Yeah, I actually played it (choppily) for a while on my 486.