Alcohol and tobacco are worst ones as in addition to harms they're also available practically everywhere and the harms are huge. Weed is harmful as well, but it might not be quite as obviously harmful as ethanol.
I have considered and read a crapton, trying to learn addiction. And there isn't a safe substance and there's no way of knowing how close to problem use one is, as genetics, repetitions and
traumas are personal.
And addiction is transferable, learnt with one substance the nervous systems will quickly pick up a new one should the supply be cut off.
And it's also a disease that progresses. Like a coil in a bolt, once it's broken you can't turn back. And there's no torque wrench for substance use.
I loved my alcohol, weed and nails. But unfortunately there's no use that's safe.