It’s kind of bizarre that I went into this article searching for evidence that Russia is worse (whatever that means) then was dissapointed when I didn’t find it.
But, I'm surprised you conclude what you do because the high level findings seem to indicate that Russia war bloggers are more prone to the more extreme forms of "otherization" per the 4 degrees laid out in the model -- e.g. figure 7 shows Russian war bloggers significantly (but not massively) overindex on the 3rd (Villainization) and 4th (Dehumanization) degrees, which are the worse of the two, compared to Ukrainian war bloggers, who only overindex on the 2nd degree (Survival or Security).
Additionally, Table 4 shows Telegram channels that are more prone to otherization are more central (more influential) in the Russian blogger network than they are in the Ukrainian blogger network, as summarized by the line: "The results, shown in Table 4, reveal statistically significant correlations for both degree centrality and eigenvector centrality and the use of othering language by both groups of war bloggers, with a stronger correlation among Russian war bloggers."
On the other hand I often see pro-Russian accounts define Ukrainians as "Nazis". The main difference is that Nazis is used as a political connotation and is usually referred to Ukrainian politicians and military members. Russian propaganda carefully describes the Ukrainian population as relatives captive of a far-right dictatorship. Ukrainian propaganda instead frequently dehumanizes the Russian population.
Straight up lie.
Russians dehumanized Ukrainians for decades. Khokli, Saloedi (pork fat eaters), chubatie (derogatory remark about cultural Cossack haircut), Petlurivci (reference to Petlura), Benderivci (Stepsn Bendera reference). I can continue for a very long while.
(As for why: let's just say it's for a science project).
DISCLAIMER: The link contains vile and evil text, you've been warned.
"If the dick is too short, it's Putin's fault — The people"
This is actually hilarious, thanks for sharing. By the way you seem to forget that Ukrainians have several ethnic slurs for Russians, like Katsap and Moskal.
I suggest you add this to your reading list: https://neolurk.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8...
Sources, please. Otherwise you'll need to retract.
By the way I literally added a source for the Orc slur to my comment, perhaps you missed that?
Either way - you've answered the question. All I can suggest to you is -- just forget about all those social media channels. They're an extremely warped reflection of reality and not representative of anything. Looking for sample material in these places from which to draw inferences about the broader sociopolitical situation (or even as to what Ukrainians or Russians are actually like as people) is like looking for dating advice on 4chan.
What we see today is a new form of "organic" propaganda, with tons of fake social accounts repeating propaganda pieces coming from the top. That doesn't mean that you should take whatever any rando says as a propaganda covert operation, but if you see patterns over time, those can probably be traced up to governments, agencies or organized groups.
- [0]: https://electronicintifada.net/content/inside-israels-millio...
It's just a wilderness of mirrors, basically. Its purpose is to drain your batteries and make you upset.
Before somebody like this jumps down my throat, yes I'm sure Russians are doing it too, and yes I know Russia started the war and Ukraine has a right to defend myself. Spare me the tedious accusations of being a shill for the ""orcs"" and ""ziggers"" (really?), the with-us-or-against-us mentality is part of the extremist radicalization process. Both sides are using it and both can be criticized for it.
Then again I wouldn't know from discussions on Reddit, as I can barely stand to look for more than a few seconds at any of the political content there.
(None of this is in reference to the paper, which of course talks about much broader issues, and doesn't refer to the "orc" term at all).
There is also a subgroup of the population that seems very susceptible to fall for dehumanization. It is like they go mad as soon as there is a somewhat socially accepted victim of it.
As if the people writing that paper, were they to wake up one morning and find their house being shelled for no reason, wouldn't start to "otherize" the responsible party.
What a stupid world.